Karma. Firstly is not rebirth or past lives, but action, make, do, work or deed. Karma can relate to the result of past deeds, but that is more properly known as the phalam, or fruit of action.

Yoga. To join or unite, even to balance (mind with body, action with deed). Best English translation is Yoke. Meanings are not limited to this but it is the most common meaning when English speakers refer to Yoga. It is not stretching the body or an excersise regime.

Purusarthas (the four) “goals of life”. Artha, Dharma, Kama (not Karma) and Moksa.

Artha. Wealth including non-tangibles such as knowledge, friendship and love. Material wealth is included but seen as non-lasting and non-dependable.

Dharma. Carry, bear, sustain. Anything upholding life like good wisdom and good action that sustain the flow of life.

Kama. Wish, desire, love. Not sex alone but included, a loving sexual relationship is kama.

Moksa. Liberation, freedom, rebirth. Not necesarily rebirth to a new life in the future, but to be reborn into this life with new zest and a clear understanding.

Nirvana. Extinguished. This part is over, Nirvana has been reached/obtained. Not heaven, but the end of something.

Jnana. Know, learn, experience. Spiritual knowlege or awareness.

Guna. Pronounced like 'goon' and a tiny 'a' (as gunha is a different word meaning crime). Different phases or qualities of matter or a person.

Sattva. First of the 3 gunas. Goodness, light, peace, cleanliness, knowlege.

Rajas. Action passion, creation.

Tamas. Ignorance, slowness, destruction.

Prakriti. Material nature made of the 8 element or the 3 material gunas.

Maya. Illusiary reality. Where One appears as many.

Prana or praan. The vital force, the breath of life - akin to Chinese Chi.